Trademarks and copyright

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THE CONTENT OF THIS WIKI PAGE (NAMED "Trademarks and copyright") IS WITHOUT PREJUDICE.


™ ® Trademarks

The majority of trademarks in connection with Osho have been filed by Osho International Foundation, Zurich. Like most multinational corporations, OIF has filed trademarks around the world incl. Australia, Canada, the EU, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Russia, Switzerland, Turkey and the USA.

Trademarks have been filed with national trademark offices and international organisations like the European Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market (OHIM/OAMI/EM) and the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO/WO).

The trademarks that have been filed are shown in the table below.


Filing date Applicant Country
code
Mark Ending date Details
YEAR-MM-DD Magenta : Active trademarks One or more countries where the mark is valid.
List of country codes...
A word or a design. YEAR Details are linked directly to the trademark webpages, with the exception of Indian trademarks which can't be linked directly.)
Green : Opposed and cancelled in major opposition/court cases
White : Expired (or none that year)


Filing date Applicant Country
code
Mark Ending year Details
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978-10-12 Rajneesh Foundation, Pune IN RAJNEESH 341573
1979-03-09 Rajneesh Foundation, Pune DE RAJNEESH 1999 1000811
1979-04-30 Rajneesh Foundation, Pune US RAJNEESH 1989 73213666
1980
1981
1982-01-25 Rajneesh Foundation International, USA US 1990 73346982
1982-11-03 Rajneesh Foundation International, USA AU 1986 383408
1982-11-03 Rajneesh Foundation International, USA AU RAJNEESH 1986 383409
1983-04-11 Rajneesh Neo-Sannyas International Commune, USA US 1992 73421039
1984-01-27 Hans-Helmuth Rollhausen, Germany DE RAJNEESH 1994 1073433
1984-01-27 Hans-Helmuth Rollhausen, Germany DE 1994 1114260
1984-04-18 Rajneesh Foundation International, USA US BHAGWAN 1992 73476074
1985-06-25 Rajneesh Foundation International, USA AU RAJNEESH 1992 428857
1985-09-09 Rajneesh Foundation International, USA US 1993 73557199
1985-09-09 Rajneesh Foundation International, USA US 1992 73557200
1986
1987-11-11 Rajneesh Foundation of Australia AU RAJNEESH 1990 476270
1987-11-11 Rajneesh Foundation of Australia AU RAJNEESH 1990 476271
1988
1989-12-17 Osho International Foundation, Zurich CH DEPROGRAMMING: CUTTING THE ROOTS OF FEAR 2010 378307
1989-12-17 Osho International Foundation, Zurich CH MYSTIC ROSE 2010 378308
1989-12-17 Osho International Foundation, Zurich CH NO-MIND 2010 378309
1990-06-18 Osho International Foundation, Zurich CH OSHO DIVINE HEALING 2010 385893
1990-10-11 Osho International Foundation, Zurich CH OSHO REBALANCING P-379766
1991-07-10 Osho International Foundation, Zurich CH P-386688
1991-07-10 Osho International Foundation, Zurich CH 2011 386689
1991-07-10 Osho International Foundation, Zurich CH 2011 386690
1991-07-10 Osho International Foundation, Zurich CH CLUB MEDITATION 2011 386704
1991-07-10 Osho International Foundation, Zurich CH OSHO P-386705
1991-07-10 Osho International Foundation, Zurich CH OSHO MYSTERY SCHOOL P-386706
1991-07-10 Osho International Foundation, Zurich CH ZENNIS 2011 386772
1991-07-10 Osho International Foundation, Zurich WO : BX DE ES FR IT RU OSHO REBALANCING 573623
1991-10-23 Osho International Foundation, Zurich WO : BX DE ES FR IT RU 577776
1991-10-23 Osho International Foundation, Zurich WO : BX DE ES FR IT RU OSHO 578180
1991-10-23 Osho International Foundation, Zurich WO : BX DE ES FR IT RU 577775
1992-01-07 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US 2001 74235704
1992-01-07 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US 2001 74235597
1992-01-07 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US OSHO 2009 see more... 74235595
1993
1994-05-19 Osho International Foundation, Mumbai IN OSHO 2005 see more... 628444
1994-05-19 Osho International Foundation, Mumbai IN OSHO 2005 see more... 628445
1995-08-17 Osho International Foundation, Mumbai IN OSHO VISION 677037
1995-08-17 Osho International Foundation, Mumbai IN OSHO VISION 677038
1995-12-22 Osho Love Affair, New Delhi IN OSHO LOVE AFFAIR 691963
1996
1997-03-17 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US OSHO 2009 see more... 75258493
1997-03-17 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US OSHO 2009 see more... 75258494
1997-12-29 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US OSHO REBALANCING 2009 see more... 75411426
1998-07-16 Osho Sugama Meditation Center, Brno CZ OSHO 134468
1998-07-20 Osho Sugama Meditation Center, Brno SK OSHO 216553
1998-12-02 Osho International Foundation, Zurich EM OSHO 001008481
1999-03-11 Osho International Foundation, Zurich EM OSHO 2000 001102227
1999-03-12 Osho International Foundation, Zurich AU OSHO 788114
1999-04-15 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US OSHO 2009 see more... 75683097
1999-04-15 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US NATARAJ MEDITATION 2001 75683091
1999-04-15 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US NADABRAHMA MEDITATION 2001 75683092
1999-04-15 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US KUNDALINI MEDITATION 2001 75683093
1999-04-15 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US GOURISHANKAR MEDITATION 2001 75683094
1999-04-15 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US DYNAMIC MEDITATION 2001 75683095
1999-04-15 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US ACTIVE MEDITATIONS 2001 75683096
1999-05-17 Osho Rajyoga Meditation Centre, New Delhi IN 2008 see more... 856615
1999-06-28 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US SPIRITUALLY INCORRECT 2003 75737797
1999-06-28 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US SPIRITUALLY INCORRECT 75980412
1999-06-30 Osho International Foundation, Zurich EM OSHO see more... 001224831
1999-10-29 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US OSHO ACTIVE MEDITATIONS 2009 see more... 75834601
1999-11-02 Osho International Foundation, Zurich CA OSHO 1034463
2000-05-31 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US OSHO KUNDALINI MEDITATION 2009 see more... 76060676
2000-08-28 Osho Rajyoga Meditation Centre, New Delhi IN OSHO WORLD 2005 see more... 950407
2000-08-28 Osho Rajyoga Meditation Centre, New Delhi IN OSHO WORLD 2014 see more... 950408
2000-11-03 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US OSHO ZEN TAROT 2009 see more... 76159554
2000-11-03 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US OSHO TIMES 2009 see more... 76158893
2000-11-03 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US OSHO MULTIVERSITY 2009 see more... 76158895
2000-11-03 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US OSHO TRANSFORMATION TAROT 2009 see more... 76159553
2000-11-03 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US OSHO MEDITATION RESORT 2009 see more... 76158894
2000-11-03 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US NO-THOUGHT FOR THE DAY 2009 see more... 76159552
2001-02-14 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US OSHO NADABRAHMA MEDITATION 2009
see more...
76210213
2001-05-14 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US ZORBA THE BUDDHA 76256883
2001-08-13 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US NO-THOUGHT FOR THE DAY 2009 see more... 76299057
2002
2003-02-18 박경수, South Korea KR 003347
2003-11-11 Osho International Foundation, Mumbai IN OSHO 2005 see more... 1248892
2004-07-14 SmartCity Gastro GmbH, Hannover DE OSHO-DISCO 304398799
2004-07-14 SmartCity Gastro GmbH, Hannover DE OSHO-DISKOTHEK 304398780
2004-07-28 Osho International Foundation, New York US OSHO 2009 see more... 76604494
2005-10-14 고재선, South Korea KR 047870
2006-12-19 Osho International Foundation, Zurich EM OSHO 005568481
2007-08-01 Osho International Foundation, Mumbai IN OSHO GLIMPSE 1518177
2007-08-01 Osho International Foundation, Mumbai IN OSHO GLIMPSE 1518179
2007-08-03 Osho International Foundation, Zurich
(Ошо Интернашенал Фоундейшен)
RU OSHO 395975
2007-09-25 Osho International Foundation, New York MX OSHO 0884755
2007-09-25 Osho International Foundation, New York MX OSHO 0884758
2008
2009-04-20 Thomas Tieke, Germany DE 3020090232946
2010-03-11 Osho International Foundation, New York MX OSHO 0884756
2010-06-03 Rajneesh Foundation International, Zurich
オショー インターナショナル ファウンデーション
JP OSHO 5474498
2011
2012-07-26 Osho International Foundation, Zurich US 85687380
2013-08-22 Osho International Foundation, Zurich CH OSHO 657804
2013-10-31 Istituto Osho Miasto A.P.S., Siena EM OSHO MIASTO 012270328
2014
2015-01-23 Osho International Foundation, Zurich WO : EM KR TR OSHO 1245300
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020


www. domain names

Based on OIF's trademark claims for the word 'OSHO', OIF claimed control of the word 'Osho' in domain names.

On Jul 28, 2000 the National Arbitration Forum, USA, denied complainant's (Osho International Foundation, USA) request that ownership of the domain name oshoworld.com be transferred from Osho Rajyoga Meditation Centre, New Delhi to them.

see more...


© ℗ Copyright

There is an important difference between copyright ownership and a licence to publish copyrighted works. The first owner of a copyright, always the author, would issue licences to publish his works, or he could transfer ownership of his copyright to another legal entity.

When you see e.g. "© Rajneesh Foundation 1976" it could mean two things -

a) Osho, the copyright owner, has licensed part of his copyright, i.e. the right to publish, under very specific conditions, or
b) RF claims to be the copyright owner.

Note that a transfer of ownership can only be established by verifiable original transfer documents.

There seem to exist no verifiable, original transfer documents whatsoever between Osho and anyone else. Nonetheless, Osho International Foundation (OIF) claims to own the copyright of Osho's work. It has offered no proof of this. Moreover, its directors are involved in criminal charges, accusing them of forging an original document that would prove their ownership (see ref 1).

year copyright ownership copyright licensees (first time) copyright notices
1960 Subject to the Indian Copyright Act of 1957, Osho owns the copyright to all of his written, transcribed and recorded work.
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966 "Copyright by : Jeevan Jagriti Kendra, 505 Kalbadevi Road, Bombay-2 " in Path of Self Realization
1967
1968 Motilal Banarsidass. First Edition 1968." in Philosophy of Non-Violence
1969 On April 26, 1969 Osho allegedly signed a document that transfers his intellectual property rights to Jivan Jagruti Kendra. An original of the document has never been submitted and its authenticity is unknown. Therefore no transfer of copyright ownership between Osho and anyone else took place.

The Acharya Shree Rajneesh Sahitya Publication Trust was set up to publish some of Osho's earliest books.

Jivan Jagruti Kendra was incorporated on Jun 11, 1969, but published Osho's books under this name as early as 1962.

1970
1971
1972
1973 JJK is renamed to Shree Rajneesh Foundation and subsequently registers Rajneesh Publications Pvt Ltd on Dec 10, 1973.
1974 "© Copyright 1974 by Rajneesh Foundation" in The Book of the Secrets, Vol 1

(Followed by many RF publications)

1975 According to a document, allegedly signed by Osho, JJK changed its name to Rajneesh Foundation "by court order dated 23 October 1975". There are no records of this name change at the Indian Ministry of Corporate Affairs.
1976
1977
1978 On Jul 28, 1978 Osho allegedly signed a document in which he issues to Rajneesh Foundation, India a licence to publish a small selection of his works. An original of the document has never been submitted and its authenticity is unknown. Therefore no transfer of copyright ownership between Osho and anyone else took place.

The Shree Rajneesh Foundation incorporates on Oct 16, 1978 as Rajneesh Foundation Ltd.

1979
1980 Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh" in The Heartbeat of the Absolute 1980, Arnold-Heinemann, New Delhi, India.

This is the only known publication that acknowledges Osho's copyright.

1981 On Apr 1, 1981 Osho allegedly signed a document in which he issued to Rajneesh Foundation International a licence to publish a small selection of his works. An original of the document has never been submitted and its authenticity is unknown. Therefore no transfer of copyright ownership between Osho and anyone else took place. Also, RFI did not operate under that name until November that year.

On the same day, Apr 1, 1981, another document purports to tranfer alleged ownership of copyright of Osho's work from Rajneesh Foundation, India to Chidvilas Rajneesh Meditation Center (later known as Rajneesh Foundation International). Since RF India did not own the copyright of Osho's work, this document has no bearing on the question of copyright ownership.

Chidvilas Rajneesh Meditation Center incorporates on Jul 6, 1981. It changed its name to Rajneesh Foundation International on Nov 23, 1981.

"Copyright © 1981 Chidvilas Rajneesh Meditation Center" in Sex 1981, Lear Enterprises, Woodland Hills, California, USA

1982 On May 1, 1982 Osho allegedly signed a Power of Attorney that among other things transfers his intellectual property rights and copyright ownership to Ma Anand Sheela. On the same day a Notary Public is said to have certified this document. Both these documents were allegedly presented by Sheela, someone who was convicted and jailed for crimes committed at the time. Last not least, the originals of these documents have never been submitted and their authenticity is unknown at best and probably forged. (see ref 7) Therefore no transfer of copyright ownership between Osho and anyone else took place.

"© Copyright 1976 Rajneesh Foundation International" in The Book of the Secrets, Vol 4, 1982

(Followed by many RFI publications)

1983 Sheela then allegedly on May 10, 1983 signs a deed that transfered all of her "rights" to Rajneesh Foundation International. The authenticity of this document is just as unlikely as is that of the Power of Attorney.
1984 On Nov 4, 1984 Rajneesh Foundation Europe is registered in Switzerland.
1985 On Nov 23, 1985 a document purports to tranfer alleged ownership of copyright of Osho's work from Rajneesh Friends International (previously known as Rajneesh Foundation International) to Rajneesh Foundation Europe (later known as Osho International Foundation. Since Rajneesh Friends International did not own the copyright of Osho's work, this document, if it is authentic, would have no bearing on the question of copyright ownership.

Near the end of the ranch, on Oct 18, 1985 RFI changed its name to Rajneesh Friends International.

1986

On Nov 26, 1986 RFI was renamed to Chidvilas Foundation, Inc..

"Copyright: © 1986 Rajneesh Foundation of Europe" in The Last Testament, Vol 1, 1986-06

1987

Chidvilas Foundation, Inc. is shut down on Aug 28, 1987.

"Copyright © Neo-Sannyas International" in That Art Thou, 1987, publisher The Rebel Publishing House, Germany

(Followed by a mixture of RFE and NSI publications)

"© 1987 Rajneeshdham" in The Rajneesh Bible, Vol 4, 1987-01

"Copyright: © The Rebel Publishing House" in Bhagwan: The Buddha for the Future, 1987, Rebel Publishing House, India

1988

Sometime in 1988 Rajneesh Foundation Europe was renamed to Neo-Sannyas International Foundation.

Only once: "© Christoph Graf Keyserlingk 1988" in There Is Utopia, 1988, Edition Ekstasia, New York Tokio Paris Aberdeen

1989 Sadhana Foundation, 1989" in From Sex to Superconsciousness, 1989, Orient Paperbacks

(Also written as Sadhna Foundation. The copyright giver for Indian publishers like Orient Paperbacks and Diamond Pocket Books.)

Only once: "Copyright © Text 1989 by Labyrinth Publishing S.A. in The Everyday Meditator 1989, Labyrinth Publishing S.A., Switzerland

1990

On Apr 25, 1990 Neo-Sannyas International Foundation changed its name to Osho International Foundation.

"Copyright Osho International Foundation in The Great Secret, 1990-09, The Rebel Publishing House, Germany

(Followed by many OIF books.)

1991 Friends of Secrets, Cologne, Zurich, Sydney" in Vigyan Bhairav Tantra, First Series

"Copyright © Osho International 1991" in Contemplation Before Sleep 1995 Boxtree Ltd

1992 (Followed by many more OIF books.)
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013 On June 7, 2013 a will allegedly signed by Osho was submitted by OIF lawyers to the Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market (OHIM) stating a transfer of copyright ownership from Osho to the Neo-Sannyas International Foundation.

Criminal charges have been filed in India on Nov 18, 2013 by Yogesh Thakkar (Sw Prem Geet) on behalf of Osho Friends Foundation, Pune. All members of Osho International Foundation, Switzerland – Michael O’Byrne (Sw Anand Jayesh), John Andrews (Sw Prem Amrito), D’Arcy O’Byrne (Sw Yogendra), Klaus Steeg (Sw Anand Pramod) and Mukesh Kantilal Sarda (Sw Mukesh Bharti) and also Philip Toelkes (Sw Prem Niren) are accused of producing a forged will by Osho. (see ref 2 and 3)

2014 On January 3, 2014 OIF withdrew the alleged will from the OHIM procedings after it was exposed as a forgery. (see ref 4)

This incident shows why original documents are of such vital importance when trying to prove a transfer of ownership of copyrights. If people are prepared to forge "original" documents, they will be even less hesitant to forge alleged copies of documents. And furthermore, documents of such value and importance don't just disappear or get lost. If they can't be submitted they probably never existed in the first place.

2015
2016 On Aug 3 and Aug 12, 2016 the Mumbai High Court (aka The High Court of Bombay) got involved in the Pune police investigations into the alleged forgery of Osho's will, but it just referred the matter back to the police. (see ref 5a & 5b)

To this date, no original paper trail shows an indisputable transfer of copyright ownership of Osho's work between Osho and anyone else. (see ref 6) It therefore appears that the copyright of Osho's work belongs to Osho's immediate family.

2017
2018
2019
2020


Country codes

code country
AU Australia
BX Benelux (BE, LU, NL)
CA Canada
CH Switzerland
CZ Czech Republic
DE Germany
EM OHIM
ES Spain
FR France
IN India
IT Italy
JP Japan
KR Republic of Korea
MX Mexico
RU Russian Federation
SK Slovak Republic
TR Turkey
US United States
WO WIPO


References

1) Osho Work court case page
2) The Alleged Last Will of Osho
3) Osho’s Signature On Alleged ‘Will’ Is a Forgery
4) Withdrawal of Osho’s ‘Will’
5) Aug 4, 2016 - Verify if Osho signed will: Bombay High Court tells police
Aug 12, 2016 - HC asks Pune police to trace, retrieve Osho’s will
6) The history of copyright claims for Osho’s work - claims and facts
7) The history of copyright claims for Osho’s work - questions and answers

See also

general information
in the sannyas wiki
From Bhagwan to Osho: The story
From Bhagwan to Osho: Prequel to Osho's name change
From Bhagwan to Osho: Publications table
From Bhagwan to Osho: What's in a name?
From Bhagwan to Osho: Website survey
other external websites
as above (Osho Friends International blog)